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1 обозный мул
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2 мул
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3 вьючный мул
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4 обозный мул
Logistics: draft mule -
5 Casablancas, Fernando
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]fl. 1912 Spain[br]Spanish inventor of the first of the high-draft cotton-spinning systems.[br]In 1912, Casablancas took out three patents in Britain. The first of these was for putting false twist into textile fibres during the drawing part of spinning. In his next we can find the origins of his interest in his high-draft system, for it contains intermediate sectors or rollers between the usual drawing rollers. It was not until the third patent that there appeared the basis of the modern system with endless inextensible strips of material passing round the rollers to help support the fibres. His first system was for spinning fibres of medium length, giving a much greater draft. This consisted of two aprons around the middle pair of drafting rollers which reached almost to the front ones. The aprons lightly pressed the fibres together in the drafting zone and yet allowed the more-quickly rotating front rollers to pull fibres out of the aprons quite easily. This enabled slivers or rovings to be reduced in thickness more quickly and evenly. In 1913, a further patent showed a development of the apron system where guides made the aprons move in an "S" pattern. Then in 1914 a patent illustrated something similar to the modern layout, while two further patents in the following year contained slightly different layouts. His system was soon applied to both ring frames and the mule, and while it was first applied to cotton, it soon spread to worsted. High-draft spinning was also envisaged by Casablancas and he took out a further patent in 1920 to obtain drafts in a ratio of several hundreds. His principles are used today on some of the most recent open-end spinning frames.[br]Bibliography1912, British patent no. 11,376 (textile fibres with false twist). 1912, British patent no. 11,783.1912. British patent no. 12,477.1913. British patent no. 11,613.1914. British patent no. 19,372 1915. British patent no. 3,366.1915, British patent no. 14,228.Further ReadingC.Singer (ed.), 1978, A History of Technology, Vol. 6, Oxford: Clarendon Press (mentions his spinning methods).RLH -
6 тягач
1) General subject: industrial tractor, jerk, mule, prime mover (трактор-), tow car, traction engine, tractor truck (автомобильный), (трактор-тягач) pull tractor, towing car, haulage truck2) Geology: propelling machine, propelling machinery, towing vehicle3) Aviation: (для буксировки авиасудна на поле) pushback tug4) Naval: trailer5) Military: ( industrial) tractor, quad, (эвакуационный) retriever6) Engineering: carrier, hauler (для междугородных перевозок), heavy hauler, mover, rig, tow truck, towing machine, truck tractor, wrecker7) Agriculture: draft vehicle8) Railway term: chain track tractor, locotractor, pick up (для маневров железнодорожного подвижного состава), piggyback pick-up (для маневрирования с полуприцепами на станциях погрузки-выгрузки)9) Automobile industry: tow-car, traction motor, tractive unit, tractive vehicle, tractor unit10) Mining: draughter11) Forestry: skidder, truck-tractor12) Oil: drive truck, tractor13) Astronautics: ordnance vehicle, tug14) Drilling: prime movement15) Makarov: hauler (для междугородних перевозок), rig (с прицепом)16) Logistics: donkey -
7 catabolensis
class of carriers who transport burdens by draft animals, kind of mule-skinners -
8 remuda
Clark: 1840s. A herd of domesticated horses on a ranch or trail drive under the charge of a remudero or wrangler. At the beginning of each shift, cowboys would choose their mount from this herd. Horses in this type of herd are said to be in remuda. Watts indicates that since the turn of the century this term has been used on occasion to allude to a cowboy's personal string or even a single horse. Spanish sources provide similar definitions, but none exactly like the southwestern meaning. The DRAE glosses remuda as a change, such as a change of clothing. Santamaría defines it as a relay or draft horse, or a horse or mule that relieves another animal that has become tired from working.Alternate form: remouda. -
9 Condensing
The condenser card is a machine with the last doffer arranged so that the web of carded wool is divided into strips and rubbed into the form of silvers of the right count to be spun into yarn by being given the necessary twist and draft on the woollen mule.
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